The Relationship Between Food Intake and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome
Abstract
Obesity as the component of metabolic syndrome and its associated disor-ders are a growing epidemic across the world. Several genetic, behavioral, and physiological factors play a role in etiology of obesity. Behavior factor such as high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet is important as this factor, but not the sedentary factor, is still having possibility to be altered. This study is performed to explain the influence of food intake to the components of metabolic syndrome. The method used is case-control analysis of population-based, epidemiological surveys using the metabolic syndrome definition of International Diabetes Federation. The results suggest that the total cholesterol and waist circumference components have higher pathway co-efficiency than other components. The compositions of food intake causing the metabolic syndrome are total calories followed by fat and carbohydrate, consecutively. From these results, reduction of total calorie and fat can be recommended as dietary modification that reduces the risk of developing metabolic syndrome.Downloads
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References
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Richard EB, Robert MK, Hal BJ. Defect in Metabolism of Lipids. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 17th ed. 2004 Phila-delphia, Pennsylvania p: 448
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Kim JB, Sang TH, Ki CS, Bum SK, Jin HK, Man HL, Jung RP. Comparison of the Relationships between Serum Apolipopro-tein B and Serum Lipid Distributions. Clin Chemistry 2005; 51: 2257-2263.
Sibarani RP, Rudijanto A, Dekker J, Hiene RJ. The Petai China Study: Metabolic Syndrome Among Obese Indonesian Chinese Adolescents. The Indonesian Journal of Internal Medicine 2006; 38: 142-144
Tjokroprawiro A. The Metabolic Syndrome (LRD Stage-3): Preclinical Stage of the CVDs (LRD Stage 0-4, GULOH-CISAR, Drug Intervention, “Time Bomb Disease”). Simposium Sumpah Dokter FK UNS Periode-161. Holistic Approach of the Metabolic Syndrome. Surakarta, 9 September 2007
Foster GD. Principles and Practices in the Management of Obesity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003 ;168: 274-280
Satcher D.. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health. U.S. Departement of Health and Human Services. 2nd ed 2000. Washington, DC p: 28-29
Atmarita. 2005. Nutrition Problem in Indonesia. Directorate of Community Nutrition, The Ministry of Health, diakses pada tanggal 6 Juli 2008. http://www.gizi.net/download/nutru-tion%20%problem%20in%20Indonesia.pdf
Campbell I. The Obesity Epidemic: can we turn the tide? Heart 2003; 89: 22-24
Sonnenberg GE, Krakower GR, Kissebah AH. A Novel Path-way to the Manifestations of Metabolic Syndrome. Obes Res 2004;12: 180-186
Lau DCW, Dhillon B, Yan H, Szmitko PE, and Verma S. Adi-pokines: Molecular links between Obesity and Atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005; 288: H2031-H2041.
Matsuzawa Y, Funahashi T, Kihara S, Shimomura I. Adiponectin and Metabolic Syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24: 29-33.
Ryan D. Risk and benefits of weight loss: challenges to obesity research. Eur Heart J 2005; Supplements 7: L27-L31.
Ma Y, Bertone ER, Stanek EJ, Reed GW, Hebert JR, Cohen NL, Merriam PA, Ockene IS. Association between Eating Pattern and Obesity in Free living US Adult Population. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158: 85-92.
Larsen PG, Adair LS, Popkin BM. The Relationship of Ethnicity, Socioeconomic and Overweight in U.S. Adolescents. Obes Res 2003; 11: 121-129
Field AE, Cook NR, Gillman MW. Weigh status in childhood as a predictor of becoming overweight or hypertensive in early adulthood. Obes Res 2005; 13 : 163-169
Ogden CI, Flegal KM, Caroll MD, Johnson CI. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999-2000. JAMA 2002; 288: 1728-1732
Nasar SS. Obesitas pada anak: aspek klinis dan pencegahan. Da-lam: Samsudin, Nasar SS, Sjarif DR, penyunting. Masalah gizi ganda dan tumbuh kembang anak, Naskah lengkap Pendidikan Kedokteran Berkelanjutan Ilmu Kesehatan Anak XXXV 1995. Jakarta 11-12 Agustus, Binarupa Aksara p: 68-81
Supariasa IDN, Nengah TK, Poedyasmoro. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Gizi Lebih Remaja Sekolah Menengah Umum di Kotamadya Malang. Pusat Pendidikan Tenaga Kesehatan DepKes RI Akademi Gizi Malang 1998
Miccoli R, Bianchi C, Prato SD. Pathophysiology of the meta-bolic syndrome. The Metabolic syndrome Full Guide 2006: Diabetes Mellitus. Williams Texbook of Endocrinology 2002:1427-1451
Richard EB, Robert MK, Hal BJ. Defect in Metabolism of Lipids. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 17th ed. 2004 Phila-delphia, Pennsylvania p: 448
Brunzell JD., Diagnosis and Treatment of Dyslpidemia. ACP Medicine 2005.
Kim JB, Sang TH, Ki CS, Bum SK, Jin HK, Man HL, Jung RP. Comparison of the Relationships between Serum Apolipopro-tein B and Serum Lipid Distributions. Clin Chemistry 2005; 51: 2257-2263.
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How to Cite
Sargowo, D., & Andarini, S. (1). The Relationship Between Food Intake and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 32(1), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v32i1.116
Section
Clinical Research
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