Should Indonesia concern on Prehypertension among Young Adults?
Abstract
Background. Prehypertension is a classification of blood pressure refere to people with systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 120 and 139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80 and 89 mmHg. Studies reported eighty-five percent of prehypertensions have one ormore CVD risk factor compared to normotensions. However, little was known about the epidemiology of prehypertension among young adult in Indonesia.Methods. Analyses were conducted based on 2007 National Health Survey (Riskesdas) with 55,347 people aged 18 to 25 in 33provinces in Indonesia.
Results. All demographic parameters but sex showed significant differences between prehypertension and normotension participants. The result of themultivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the geographic area of residence, marital status, education level, occupation,overweight, smoking cessation and daily cigarette use, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and mental health disorder were revealed to be significant risk factors of prehypertension among young Indonesian adults.
Conclusion. These results further underline the need for routine BP measurements in young adults to identify subjects with prehypertension who should be the target of lifestyle modification.Future implications from study result point out the need to prioritize nutrition education which involve psychosocial management and healthy lifestyle promotion among young adult in Indonesia.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, et al.: The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood
pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003;289:2560–2572
JNCÂ6. National High Blood Pressure Education Program. The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure.
Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:2413Â46 Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R: Age speciic relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality. Lancet 2002;360:1903–1913
US Department of Health and Human Services: Healthy people 2010. With Understanding and Improving Health and Objectives for Improving Health, 2nd edn, Vol. 2. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services, 2000
Laporan Riskesdas 2007. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (Balitbangkes). Departemen Kesehatan RI. Available:http://www.docstoc.com/docs/19707850/Laporan-Hasil-Riset-Kesehatan-Dasar-%28RISKESDAS%29-Nasional-2007 [accessed June, 2011].
Itamar Grotto, Ehud Grossman, Michael Huerta and Y ehonatan Sharabi.Prevalence of Prehypertension and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Proiles Among Young Israeli Adultss. Hypertension 2006;48;254Â259
Jennifer S. D, Mary J. R., Richard R. F., et.al. Cardiac and Systemic Hemodynamic Characteristics of Hypertension and Prehypertension in Adolescents and Young Adultss: The Strong Heart Study. Circulation.2007; 115: 221Â227
Toprak A., Wang, H., Chen, W., et.al. Prehypertension and blackÂwhite contrasts in cardiovascular risk in young adultss: Bogalusa Heart Study. Journal of Hypertension: 2009Â Volume
27 Â Issue 2 Â p 243Â250
Tomiyama, H., Arai, T., Koji, Y. et. al. The ageÂrelated increase in arterial stiffness is augmented in phases according to the severity of hypertension. Hypertens Res 2004;27:465Â470
Prabhakaran D, Shah P, Chaturvedi V, Ramakrishnan L, Manhapra A,. Reddy KS. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalence among men m a large industry of northern India. Natl Med J
India 2005; 18 : 59Â65
Hazarika NC, Narain K, Biswas D, Kalita HC, Mahanta J. Hypertension in the native rural population of Assam. Natl Med J India 2004; 17: 300Â4.
Cihangir E., Arif H., Mustafa K., Orhan D., Murat T. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension and associated risk factors among Turkish adults: Trabzon Hypertension Study. Journal of Public Health Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 47–58
Susan Jekielek and Brett Brown.The Transition to Adultshood: Characteristics of Young Adultss Ages 18 to 24 in America. The Annie E. Casey Foundation, Population Reference Bureau, and Child Trends. 2005
Zhaoqing S., Liqiang Zheng, Yidong Wei, et. al. Prevalence and Risk Factors of the Rural Adults People Prehypertension Status in Liaoning Province of China. Circ J 2007; 71: 550 –553
Rouse IL, Beilin LJ, Armstrong BK, Vandongen R. BloodÂpressureÂlowering effect of a vegetarian diet: controlled trial in normotensive subjects. Lancet1983;1:5Â10
Margetts BM, Beilin LJ, Vandongen R, Armstrong BK. Vegetarian diet in mild hypertension: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ1986;293:1468Â1471
DukÂHee Lee, MyungÂHwa Ha, JangÂRak Kim, David R. Jacobs, Jr. Effects of Smoking Cessation on Changes in Blood Pressure and Incidence of Hypertension A 4ÂYear FollowÂUp Study Hypertension. 2001;37:194Â198
Altura BM, Altura BT. Role of magnesium and calcium in alcoholÂinduced hypertension and strokes as probed by in vivo television microscopy, digital image microscopy, optical spectroscopy, 31PÂNMR, spectroscopy and a unique magnesium ionÂselective electrode. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1994;18(5):1057–1068.
Christopher E. S., John J. D., and Jason R. C. Neurovascular responses to mental stress in prehypertensive humans. Journal of Applied Physiology2011; vol. 110 no.176Â82
pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003;289:2560–2572
JNCÂ6. National High Blood Pressure Education Program. The sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure.
Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:2413Â46 Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R: Age speciic relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality. Lancet 2002;360:1903–1913
US Department of Health and Human Services: Healthy people 2010. With Understanding and Improving Health and Objectives for Improving Health, 2nd edn, Vol. 2. Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services, 2000
Laporan Riskesdas 2007. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (Balitbangkes). Departemen Kesehatan RI. Available:http://www.docstoc.com/docs/19707850/Laporan-Hasil-Riset-Kesehatan-Dasar-%28RISKESDAS%29-Nasional-2007 [accessed June, 2011].
Itamar Grotto, Ehud Grossman, Michael Huerta and Y ehonatan Sharabi.Prevalence of Prehypertension and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Proiles Among Young Israeli Adultss. Hypertension 2006;48;254Â259
Jennifer S. D, Mary J. R., Richard R. F., et.al. Cardiac and Systemic Hemodynamic Characteristics of Hypertension and Prehypertension in Adolescents and Young Adultss: The Strong Heart Study. Circulation.2007; 115: 221Â227
Toprak A., Wang, H., Chen, W., et.al. Prehypertension and blackÂwhite contrasts in cardiovascular risk in young adultss: Bogalusa Heart Study. Journal of Hypertension: 2009Â Volume
27 Â Issue 2 Â p 243Â250
Tomiyama, H., Arai, T., Koji, Y. et. al. The ageÂrelated increase in arterial stiffness is augmented in phases according to the severity of hypertension. Hypertens Res 2004;27:465Â470
Prabhakaran D, Shah P, Chaturvedi V, Ramakrishnan L, Manhapra A,. Reddy KS. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalence among men m a large industry of northern India. Natl Med J
India 2005; 18 : 59Â65
Hazarika NC, Narain K, Biswas D, Kalita HC, Mahanta J. Hypertension in the native rural population of Assam. Natl Med J India 2004; 17: 300Â4.
Cihangir E., Arif H., Mustafa K., Orhan D., Murat T. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension and associated risk factors among Turkish adults: Trabzon Hypertension Study. Journal of Public Health Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 47–58
Susan Jekielek and Brett Brown.The Transition to Adultshood: Characteristics of Young Adultss Ages 18 to 24 in America. The Annie E. Casey Foundation, Population Reference Bureau, and Child Trends. 2005
Zhaoqing S., Liqiang Zheng, Yidong Wei, et. al. Prevalence and Risk Factors of the Rural Adults People Prehypertension Status in Liaoning Province of China. Circ J 2007; 71: 550 –553
Rouse IL, Beilin LJ, Armstrong BK, Vandongen R. BloodÂpressureÂlowering effect of a vegetarian diet: controlled trial in normotensive subjects. Lancet1983;1:5Â10
Margetts BM, Beilin LJ, Vandongen R, Armstrong BK. Vegetarian diet in mild hypertension: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ1986;293:1468Â1471
DukÂHee Lee, MyungÂHwa Ha, JangÂRak Kim, David R. Jacobs, Jr. Effects of Smoking Cessation on Changes in Blood Pressure and Incidence of Hypertension A 4ÂYear FollowÂUp Study Hypertension. 2001;37:194Â198
Altura BM, Altura BT. Role of magnesium and calcium in alcoholÂinduced hypertension and strokes as probed by in vivo television microscopy, digital image microscopy, optical spectroscopy, 31PÂNMR, spectroscopy and a unique magnesium ionÂselective electrode. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1994;18(5):1057–1068.
Christopher E. S., John J. D., and Jason R. C. Neurovascular responses to mental stress in prehypertensive humans. Journal of Applied Physiology2011; vol. 110 no.176Â82
Views & Downloads
Abstract views: 3657
PDF downloads: 2317
PDF downloads: 2317
How to Cite
Ciptaningtyas, R. (1). Should Indonesia concern on Prehypertension among Young Adults?. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 33(4), 217-24. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v33i4.27
Section
Clinical Research
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
