Mangosteen Pericarp Inhibits Nuclear Factor ?B (NF-?B) Activation and Reduces Expression of ICAM-1 in High Cholesterol Diet Rat
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is widely viewed as an inflammatory disease with hypercholesterolemia being a dominant underlying risk factor. This study aimed to determine the effect of mangosteen pericarp in inhibition of NF-?B activation and ICAM-1 expression in rat fed with high cholesterol.Methods and Results: Various doses of crude extract mangosteen pericarp were administered to the high fat diet wistar rats and the activity of NF-?B measured by immunohistochemistry to assess nuclear NF-?B expression and the ICAM-1 expression. The high fat diet resulted significant increased serum LDL levels. Increased nuclear NF- ?B activation and ICAM-1 expression were also observed in high fat diet rats in concurrence with increased serum LDL. The inhibitory effect on NF- ?B activity and ICAM-1 expression was observed when 400 mg of mangosteen pericarp crude extract was administered and even showed a higher inhibitory effect in 800 mg of mangosteen pericap treated rats. The 800 mg extract treatment resulted in decreased ICAM-1 expression similar to those of non high fat rats.
Conclusion: The administration of 800 mg mangosteen pericarp crude extract significantly inhibited NF-?B activation and reversed the expression of ICAM -1 to the normal level in high cholesterol diet rats.
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References
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Zandbergen F, Plutzky J. PPAR ? in atherosclerosis and inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 August;1771(8):972-82.
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Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia
32 Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia • Vol. 34, No. 1 • Januari - Maret 2013
in atherogenesis Experimental Physiology. 1997;82:297-304.
Frolov A, Hui DY. The Modern Art of Atherosclerosis: A Picture of Colorful Plants, Cholesterol, and Inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007;27:450-2.
Jiang D-J, Dai Z, Li Y-J. Pharmacological Effects of Xanthones as Cardiovascular Protective Agents. Cardiovascular Drug Reviews. 2004;22(2):91-102.
Xiao H-B, Sun Z-L, Lu X-Y, Li D-Z, Xu J-P, Hu Y-P. Beneficial effect of 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone on dyslipidemia in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2008;86:815–26.
Ozturk Z, Sonmez H, Gorgun FM, Ekmekci H, Bilgen D, Ozen N. The Relationship Between Lipid Peroxidation and LDL Desialylation in Experimental Atherosclerosis. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods. 2007;17:265-73.
Fotie J, Bohle DS. Pharmacological and Biological Activities of Xanthones. Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 2006;5:15-31.
Tedgui A, Mallat Z. Cytokines in Atherosclerosis: Pathogenic and Regulatory Pathways. Physiol Rev. 2006;86:515-81.
Vohra RS, Murphy JE, Walker JH, Ponnambalam S, Homer-Vanniasinkam S. The LOX-1 Scavenger Receptor And Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2006;1:60-4.
Nakatani K, Yamakuni T. ?-Mangostin Inhibits Inhibitor-?B Kinase Activity and Decreases Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Gene Expression in C6 Rat Glioma Cells. . Mol Pharmacol. 2004;66:667-74.
Williams P, Ongsakul M, Proudfoot J, Croft K, Beilin L. Mangostin inhibits the oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein. Free Radic Res. 1995 Aug;23(2):175-84.
Pedraza-Chaverri J, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Orozco-Ibarra M, Pérez-Rojas JM. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Food and Chemical Toxicology 2008;46:3227–39.
Young IS, Woodside JV. Antioxidants in health and disease. J Clin Pathol 2001;54:176-86.
Published
2013-10-16
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How to Cite
Hendarto, H., Rohman, M., & Sargowo, D. (2013). Mangosteen Pericarp Inhibits Nuclear Factor ?B (NF-?B) Activation and Reduces Expression of ICAM-1 in High Cholesterol Diet Rat. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 34(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v34i1.302
Section
Clinical Research
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