Effect of Extract from Pericarp of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana Linn) as Anti-Inflammatory Agent in Rat Models with Atherosclerosis
Abstract
Background. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by intense immunological activity, which immune responses participate in every phase of atherosclerosis. On fundamental importance in atherogenesis is nuclear factor-?B(NF- ?B) that regulates activation of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor(TNF-a) interleukin-1(IL-1), and interleukin-6(IL-6).Aims. The extract from pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) were carried out to investigate for anti-inflammatory activity in rat models with atherosclerosis.
Methods. The subjects of the study were 30 albino rats of (Rattus novergicus Strain wistar), divided into 5 groups with six rats in each group. Group I comprises normal healthy rats remains untreated for 90 days; Group II comprises of high cholesterol diet induced atherosclerotic rats for 90 days; Group III, IV, and V comprise of high cholesterol diet induced atherosclerosis and were administered extract from pericarp of mangosteen orally (200mg/kg; 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg) daily for 90 days. After 90 days treatment, rats were decapitated and blood was sample collected from the aorta for determination level of TNF-aand IL-1 by ELISA. Aorta was taken to observe the expression of NF-kB, ICAM-1, and IL-6 using immunohistochemical techniques.
Results. Oral administration (800 mg/kg) of the extract from pericarp of mangosteen significantly decreased the level of TNF-a, and IL-1 and also reduced the expression of NF-kB, ICAM-1, and IL-6.
Conclusion. These results suggest that the extract from pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn)possess anti-inflammatory actions by reducing level of TNF-a, IL-1, and also reduce the expression of NF-kB, ICAM-1, and IL-6 that prevent the development of atherosclerosis.
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http://perpustakaan.depkes.go.id.:8180/bitstream//123456789/771/2/PdmanKndaliPenyJantungBuluhDurah.PDF diakses tanggal 20 November 2010.
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Introna, M. and Mantovani, A. 1997. Early activation signals in endothelial cells : stimulation by cytokines. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 17:423-428.
Davis, N.E. 2005. Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory process. J Insur Med. 37: 72-75.
Napoli, C. and Lerman, L.O. 2001. Involvement of Oxidation-Sensitive Mechanisms in the Cardiovascular Effects of Hypercholesterolemia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001. 76:619-631.
Spagnoli, L.G., Bonanno, E., Sangiorgi, G., Mauriello, A. 2007. Role of inflammation in atherosclerosis. J Nucl Med. 48: 1800-1815.
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Frank, P.G. and Lisanti, M.P. 2008. ICAM-1 : role in inflammation and in regulation of vascular permeability. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 295: H926-H297.
Mach, F. 2005. Inflammation is a crucial feature of atherosclerosis and a potential target to reduce cardiovascular events. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 170: 697-722.
Huang, Y.L., Chen, C.C., Chen, Y.J., Huang, R.L., Shieh, B.J. 2001. Threexanthones anda benzophenone from Garcinia mangostana. J Nat Prod. 64: 903-906.
Pedraza-Chaverri,J., Cardenaz-Rodriguez, N., Orozco-Ibarra, M., Perez-Rojas, J. 2008. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Food Chem Toxicol. 46: 3227-3239.
Ndengele, M.M., Muscoli, C., Wang, Z.Q., Doyle, T.M. 2005. Superoxide potentiates NF-kB activation and modulates endotoxin-induced cytokine production in alveolar macrophages. SHOCK. 23(2): 186-193.
Wolfrum, S., Teupser, D., Tan, M., Chen, K.Y., Breslow, J.L. 2007. The proliferative effect of A20 on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice is associated with reduced expression of NF-?B target genes. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 104(47) : 18601-18606
Curtiss, L. 2009. Reversing Atherosclerosis?. N Eng J Med. 360 (11) : 1144-1146.
Bumrungpert, Akkarach. 2009. Bioavailability and inhibitory effects on inflammation and insulin resistance of xanthones from Garcinia mangostana l.(mangosteen) in human adipocytes. Mahidol University.
Nakatani, K., Yamakuni, T., Kondo, N., Arakawa, T., Oosawa, K., Shimura, S., Inoue, H., Ohizumi, Y. 2004. Mangostin Inhibits inhibitor kappa B kinase activity and decreases Lipopolysaccharide–induced cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in C6 Rat Glioma cells. Mol Pharmacol. 66:667-674.
Kleemann, R., Zadelaar, S., Kooistra, T. 2008. Cytokines and atherosclerosis: a comprehensive review of studies in mice. Cardiovasc Res. 79: 360-376.
Tedgui, A. and Mallat, Z. 2006. Cytokines in atherosclerosis : pathogenic and regulatory pathways. Physiol Rev. 86: 515–581.
Naka, T., Nishimoto, N., Kishimoto, T. 2002. The Paradigm of IL-6: from basic science to medicine. Arthritis Res. 4(suppl 3): S233-S242.
Libby, P. 2002. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature. 420: 868-874.
Libby, P., Ridker, P.M., Hansson, G.K. 2009. Inflammation in atherosclerosis : from pathophysiology to practice. J Am Coll Cardiol. 54: 2129-38.
Sargowo, D. 2003. Disfungsi endotel pada penyakit kardiovaskular. Malang : Bayumedia Publishing Malang, pp : 33-50.
Hansson, G.K. 2005. Mechanisms of disease : inflammation, atherosclerosis,and coronary artery disease. N Eng J Med. 352:1685-95.
Hansson, G.K. and Libby, P. 2006. The immune response inatherosclerosis: a double-edged sword. Nature. 6: 508-519.
Libby, P., Ridker, P.M., Maseri, A. 2002. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Circulation. 105:1135-1143.
Introna, M. and Mantovani, A. 1997. Early activation signals in endothelial cells : stimulation by cytokines. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 17:423-428.
Davis, N.E. 2005. Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory process. J Insur Med. 37: 72-75.
Napoli, C. and Lerman, L.O. 2001. Involvement of Oxidation-Sensitive Mechanisms in the Cardiovascular Effects of Hypercholesterolemia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001. 76:619-631.
Spagnoli, L.G., Bonanno, E., Sangiorgi, G., Mauriello, A. 2007. Role of inflammation in atherosclerosis. J Nucl Med. 48: 1800-1815.
Hansson, G.K. 2009. Atherosclerosis-an immune disease. Atherosclerosis. 202: 2-10.
Dzau, V.J., Braun-Dullaeus, R.C., Sedding, D.G. 2002. Vascular proliferation and atherosclerosis: new perspectives andtherapeutic strategies. Nat Med. 8(11): 1249-1256.
Lindemann, S., Kramer, B., Seizer, M.P., Gawaz, M. 2007. Platelets, inflammation and atherosclerosis. J Thromb Haemost. 5(1): 203-11.
Boyle, J.J. 2005. Macrophage activation in atherosclerosis: pathogenesis and pharmacology of plaque rupture. CurrVasc Pharmacol. 3: 63-8.
Frank, P.G. and Lisanti, M.P. 2008. ICAM-1 : role in inflammation and in regulation of vascular permeability. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 295: H926-H297.
Mach, F. 2005. Inflammation is a crucial feature of atherosclerosis and a potential target to reduce cardiovascular events. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 170: 697-722.
Huang, Y.L., Chen, C.C., Chen, Y.J., Huang, R.L., Shieh, B.J. 2001. Threexanthones anda benzophenone from Garcinia mangostana. J Nat Prod. 64: 903-906.
Pedraza-Chaverri,J., Cardenaz-Rodriguez, N., Orozco-Ibarra, M., Perez-Rojas, J. 2008. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Food Chem Toxicol. 46: 3227-3239.
Ndengele, M.M., Muscoli, C., Wang, Z.Q., Doyle, T.M. 2005. Superoxide potentiates NF-kB activation and modulates endotoxin-induced cytokine production in alveolar macrophages. SHOCK. 23(2): 186-193.
Wolfrum, S., Teupser, D., Tan, M., Chen, K.Y., Breslow, J.L. 2007. The proliferative effect of A20 on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice is associated with reduced expression of NF-?B target genes. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 104(47) : 18601-18606
Curtiss, L. 2009. Reversing Atherosclerosis?. N Eng J Med. 360 (11) : 1144-1146.
Bumrungpert, Akkarach. 2009. Bioavailability and inhibitory effects on inflammation and insulin resistance of xanthones from Garcinia mangostana l.(mangosteen) in human adipocytes. Mahidol University.
Nakatani, K., Yamakuni, T., Kondo, N., Arakawa, T., Oosawa, K., Shimura, S., Inoue, H., Ohizumi, Y. 2004. Mangostin Inhibits inhibitor kappa B kinase activity and decreases Lipopolysaccharide–induced cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in C6 Rat Glioma cells. Mol Pharmacol. 66:667-674.
Kleemann, R., Zadelaar, S., Kooistra, T. 2008. Cytokines and atherosclerosis: a comprehensive review of studies in mice. Cardiovasc Res. 79: 360-376.
Tedgui, A. and Mallat, Z. 2006. Cytokines in atherosclerosis : pathogenic and regulatory pathways. Physiol Rev. 86: 515–581.
Naka, T., Nishimoto, N., Kishimoto, T. 2002. The Paradigm of IL-6: from basic science to medicine. Arthritis Res. 4(suppl 3): S233-S242.
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How to Cite
Yurista, S., Safithri, F., Djunaedi, D., & Sargowo, D. (1). Effect of Extract from Pericarp of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana Linn) as Anti-Inflammatory Agent in Rat Models with Atherosclerosis. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 33(5), 4-9. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v33i5.68
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Clinical Research
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