Metabolic Syndrome : an Emerging Risk Factor for Congestive Heart Failure
Abstract
Background : Congestive heart failure (CHF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are both current major cardiovascular problems. Until recently, the connection between them has not been well understood yet. Mets is composed by several facets which is closely related with the pathophysiology of CHF. This study will try to discuss the relationship between Mets and CHF.Methods: We conducted an observational analytic study using cross sectional design. Subjects were gathered from January until March 2015. All data are descriptively presented, and analyzed using bivariate and multivariate method.
Results: MetS itself does not account as risk factor for CHF (OR 1,49; CI95% 0,67-3,32; p=0,328). Component of Mets which shows significant relationship with CHF are raised blood pressure (OR 6,82; CI95% 1,47-31,53; p=0,014) and impaired glucose tolerance (OR 5,95; CI95% 3,26-10,85; p=0,000)
Conclusion: Some elements of Mets, not Mets per se, are strong independent predictor for congestive heart failure.
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References
WHO. World Health Statistics 2098.{cited: April 2015}. Available from : http://www.who.int/
Lloyd JD, Adams R, Carnethon M. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2009 update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2009;119:e21–e181.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Republik Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta 2013.
Yancy WD, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey ED, Drazner MH, et al. 20 13 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure. Circulation 2013; 128: e240-e327.
Ingelsson E, Sundstrom J, Arnlov J, Zethelius B, Lind L. Insulin resistance and risk of congestive heart failure. JAMA 2005;294:334 –341.
Vasan RS, Sullivan LM, Roubenoff R, Dinarello CA, Harris T, Benjamin EJ,et al.Inflammatory markers and risk of heart failure in elderly subjects without prior myocardial infarction: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2003;107: 1486 –1491.
Thethi T, Bratcher C, Fonsesca V. Metabolic Syndrome and Heart Failure. Heart Failure Clin 2006; 2:1-11.
Kamso S. Metabolic syndrome in the Indonesian elderly. Medical Journal of Indonesia 2007; 16:3.
Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA. AHA/NHLBI Scientific Statement Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome. Circulation. 2005; 112: 2735-2752.
Suzuki T, Katz R, Jenny NC, Zakai NA, Lewinter MM, Barzilay JI, et al. Metabolic Syndrome, Inflammation, and Incident Heart Failure in the Elderly. Circulation 2008;1:242-248.
Netsel P, Lyu R, Low LP, Sheu WH, Nitiyant W, Saito I, et al. Metabolic syndrome: recent prevalence in East and Southeast Asia population. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2007;16(2):362-367.
Sakata Y, Shimokawa H. Epidemiology of Heart Failure in Asia. Circ J 2013;2209-2217.
Horwich TB, Fonarow GC. Glucose, Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes : Relevance to Incidence of Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55(4):283-293.
Rustchow S, Li J, Pauschinger M. Myocardial proteases and matrix remodelling in inflammatory heart disease. Cardiovasc Res 2006;69:646-656.
Prasad A, Quyyumi AA. Renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004;110:1507-1512.
Bahrami H, Bluemke D, Kronmal R, Bertoni AG, Lloyd DM, Shahar E, et al. Novel Metabolic Risk Factors for Incident Heart Failure and Their Relationship with Obesity in The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:1775-1783.
McNeill AM, Katz R, Girman CJ, Rosamond WD, Wagenknecht LE, Barzilay JI, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in older people; the cardiovascular health study. J Am Geriatr Soc.2006;54:1317-1324.
Butler J, Rodondi N, Zhu Y, Figaro K, Fazio S,Vaughan DE, et al. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular disease in older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:1595-1602.
Ingelson E, Arnlov J, Lind L, Sundstrom J. The metabolic syndrome and risk of heart failure in middle-aged men. Heart 2006;92:1409-1413.
Lloyd JD, Adams R, Carnethon M. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2009 update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2009;119:e21–e181.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Republik Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta 2013.
Yancy WD, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey ED, Drazner MH, et al. 20 13 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure. Circulation 2013; 128: e240-e327.
Ingelsson E, Sundstrom J, Arnlov J, Zethelius B, Lind L. Insulin resistance and risk of congestive heart failure. JAMA 2005;294:334 –341.
Vasan RS, Sullivan LM, Roubenoff R, Dinarello CA, Harris T, Benjamin EJ,et al.Inflammatory markers and risk of heart failure in elderly subjects without prior myocardial infarction: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2003;107: 1486 –1491.
Thethi T, Bratcher C, Fonsesca V. Metabolic Syndrome and Heart Failure. Heart Failure Clin 2006; 2:1-11.
Kamso S. Metabolic syndrome in the Indonesian elderly. Medical Journal of Indonesia 2007; 16:3.
Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA. AHA/NHLBI Scientific Statement Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome. Circulation. 2005; 112: 2735-2752.
Suzuki T, Katz R, Jenny NC, Zakai NA, Lewinter MM, Barzilay JI, et al. Metabolic Syndrome, Inflammation, and Incident Heart Failure in the Elderly. Circulation 2008;1:242-248.
Netsel P, Lyu R, Low LP, Sheu WH, Nitiyant W, Saito I, et al. Metabolic syndrome: recent prevalence in East and Southeast Asia population. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2007;16(2):362-367.
Sakata Y, Shimokawa H. Epidemiology of Heart Failure in Asia. Circ J 2013;2209-2217.
Horwich TB, Fonarow GC. Glucose, Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes : Relevance to Incidence of Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55(4):283-293.
Rustchow S, Li J, Pauschinger M. Myocardial proteases and matrix remodelling in inflammatory heart disease. Cardiovasc Res 2006;69:646-656.
Prasad A, Quyyumi AA. Renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004;110:1507-1512.
Bahrami H, Bluemke D, Kronmal R, Bertoni AG, Lloyd DM, Shahar E, et al. Novel Metabolic Risk Factors for Incident Heart Failure and Their Relationship with Obesity in The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:1775-1783.
McNeill AM, Katz R, Girman CJ, Rosamond WD, Wagenknecht LE, Barzilay JI, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in older people; the cardiovascular health study. J Am Geriatr Soc.2006;54:1317-1324.
Butler J, Rodondi N, Zhu Y, Figaro K, Fazio S,Vaughan DE, et al. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular disease in older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:1595-1602.
Ingelson E, Arnlov J, Lind L, Sundstrom J. The metabolic syndrome and risk of heart failure in middle-aged men. Heart 2006;92:1409-1413.
Published
2016-03-03
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How to Cite
Hoetama, E., & Hermawan, B. (2016). Metabolic Syndrome : an Emerging Risk Factor for Congestive Heart Failure. Indonesian Journal of Cardiology, 36(3), 145-50. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.v36i3.477
Section
Clinical Research
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